Genetic engineering has revolutionized the field of horticulture. By targeting and modifying particular genes in a crop, it is possible to significantly alter its properties to increase yield and improve tolerance to climate change. Moreover, it can provide improved nutritional value for crops, develop therapeutic and industrial proteins, improve pest resistance, and produce agronomic traits.
Different crop modification techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9, RNA interference (RNAi), and recombinant DNA technology are being used to produce a variety of species of grains, fruits, and vegetables. It also resolves the issues related to low pollination rates and low yield of crops.